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The middle school student
should understand that information collected from scientific investigations
can help explain phenomena and can usually lead them to observe further.
They should do more logical reasoning, collecting relevant evidence, and
apply imagination in devising hypotheses and explanations to problems.
Students will describe human nutritional needs, local food production and
distribution technologies and the complex interactions of these technologies
with economics, health and nutrition, resource depletion, and environmental
impact. They will also describe matter as composed of small particles and
identify some of the properties; describe complex events by applying simple
laws of motion; and, relate human impact to local and regional environments.
CONTENT STANDARD 1
1. Science As Inquiry
Students will:
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Use imagination,
inventiveness, logic, and experimental evidence required by scientific
inquiry
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Know how the world works,
how we can go about finding out how it works, and how our understanding
of the world can change over time
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Know how human thought and
action have been transformed by scientific and technological
revolutions
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Display high standards of
ethics including openness, objectivity, honesty, and accuracy
Performance Indicators
1.MS.1 Ask good questions
about the world around them.
1.MS.2 Explore phenomena
using sensory, manipulative, and process skills.
1.MS 3 Record data clearly
and accurately in logs and journals.
1.MS.4 Design and execute
valid experiments including controls, replication, and setting proper
standards.
1.MS.5 Communicate their
results in charts, graphs, drawings, as well as verbally.
1.MS.6 Collaborate
effectively with others to get a job done.
CONTENT STANDARD 2
2. Habits of Mind
Students will:
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Demonstrate inquiry skills
such as questioning, imagination, inventiveness, logic gathering,
experimental evidence, making measurements, careful observation
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Be a scientific literate
person that is curious, creative, open-minded, skeptical, willing to
suspend initial judgments, able to collaborate with others, and
persistent in the face of failure
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Be able to judge evidence,
distinguish fact from fiction, identify bias and incomplete argument,
compare trade off among features, performance, durability and cost, and
make informed choices on personal issues
Performance Indicators
2.MS.1 Demonstrate skill in
asking valid, testable questions about the world around them.
2.MS.2 Design experiments
to seek answers to science questions.
2.MS.3 Inspect,
disassemble, and reassemble simple science apparatus and mechanical
devices and describe what the various parts are for.
2.MS.4 Use calculators and
computers to compare amounts, store and retrieve information, analyze
and display data and graphs, and communicate with others.
2.MS.5 Be curious, honest,
open, and skeptical and value these attitudes in others.
2.MS.6 View science and
technology thoughtfully, being neither antagonistic or critically
positive.
2.MS.7 Demonstrate by
actions in the community caring and respect for the environment and all
living things.
2.MS.8 Read analog and
digital scales in instruments to measure length, volume, mass, elapsed
time, rates, and temperature; choose appropriate units for reporting
data.
2.MS.9 Estimate the effect
on the system of changing one of its parts.
2.MS.10 Use critical
thinking skills to make informed choices on personal, family, community,
state, regional, and global issues.
2.MS.11 Insist that
assumptions under any line of reasoning be clarified so that accuracy of
the assertion can be judged.
2.MS.12 Identify and
criticize arguments based on faulty, incomplete or misleading use of
numbers.
2.MS.13 Choose consumer
products by comparing features and making reasonable trade-offs among
features, performance, durability, and cost.
2.MS.14 See and criticize
the faulty reasoning that mingle fact and fiction.
CONTENT STANDARD 3
3. Living Organisms
Students will:
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Describe similarities and
differences of life forms
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Understand the cell
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Know that life forms change
over time through natural processes that involve variation, adaptation,
inheritance of characteristics, and natural selection
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Know that instructions for
developing living organisms are passed from parents to offspring through
DNA.
Performance Indicators
3.MS.1 Describe why
biodiversity is important to life on earth. 3.MS.2 Identify the impact
of human activities on plants and animals in local ecosystems. 3.MS.3
Classify plants and animals into groups based on similarities and
differences.
3.MS.4 Describe local
examples of heredity. 3.MS.5 Describe the result of human reproduction
and the importance of traits.
3.MS.6 Identify the cell as
the basic unit of life and describe some of its functions.
3.MS.7 Identify some of the
health risks of cell damage and how such risks can be avoided.
3.MS.8 Use hand lenses and
microscopes to observe cell and their parts.
3.MS.9 Describe the major
mechanisms of change over time in life forms including variation,
natural selections, and inheritance of characteristics.
3.MS.10 Identify examples
of organisms uniquely adapted to their environment.
3.MS.11 Describe the impact
of Darwin’s theory of evolution on science and society.
3.MS.12 Identify actions
that can be taken to prevent or enhance the probability of pregnancy.
3.MS.13 Take personal
actions that contribute to the health and development of family and
community members.
3.MS.14 Identify and take
an informed position on controversial issues in health and health
technologies.
3.MS.15 Take personal
actions to preserve health and prevent the spread of infectious
diseases.
3.MS.16 Avoid using drugs,
alcohol, tobacco, and other substances that can threaten the healthy
functioning of human systems.
3.MS.17 Appreciate the
importance of health technologies to maintaining health and treating
malfunctioning systems.
3.MS.18 Identify learning
as one of the characteristics that distinguishes humans from other
species.
3.MS.19 Make connections
and develop their own knowledge of the world around them.
3.MS.20 Relate their
knowledge of normal body functioning, heredity, and environmental
conditions to good health.
3.MS.21 Take personal
actions that increase the probability of good physical and mental
health.
3.MS.22 Make use of
community health agencies to keep informed of new health threats and
development of health treatment.
CONTENT STANDARD 4
4. Matter and Its
Interactions
Students will:
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Understand that the
properties of materials enhances human abilities to use materials for a
variety of purposes
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Understand that matter can
undergo a variety of changes (physical and chemical change, natural,
controlled, change) while the amount and number of atoms remain constant
Performance Indicators
4.MS.1 Use tools for
observing and measuring properties of matter.
4.MS.2 Relate the
properties of materials to products, structures and substances useful in
their lives.
4.MS.3 Demonstrate changes
in matter and the ability to control the change by using everyday
materials.
4.MS.4 Describe instances
from their everyday lives where changes in matter are controlled, either
to encourage or discourage change.
4.MS.5 Describe matter as
composed of small particles in motion and identify some of the
properties resulting from this assumption.
CONTENT STANDARD 5
5. Forces of Nature
Students will:
Performance Indicators
5.MS.1 Describe the effects
of gravity on motion of objects. 5.MS.2 Identify everyday applications
of electric and magnetic forces.
CONTENT STANDARD 6
6. Motion
Students will:
Performance Indicators
6.MS.1 Describe the origin
of sound in vibrations of musical instruments.
6.MS.2 Identify different
kinds of motion and the effect of force on direction and speed.
6.MS.3 Describe the
apparent color of objects as a result of reflection and absorption of
different colors of light.
CONTENT STANDARD 7
7. Energy
Students will:
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Know that energy is the
ability to do work and that energy manifests itself in a variety of
forms with a variety of characteristics
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Know that the transfer and
transformation of energy is a critical part of all living, physical and
human systems
Performance Indicators
7.MS.1 Identify and
describe different forms of energy.
7.MS.2 Measure heat energy
involved in reactions with matter.
7.MS.3 Describe some of the
uses of energy in mechanical and living systems.
7.MS.4 Demonstrate
converting one form of energy to another.
7.MS.5 Measure the heat
produced in energy transformations.
7.MS.6 Use kinetic
molecular theory to describe a mode of heat.
7.MS.7 Trace energy flow
through actual or simulated ecosystems.
CONTENT STANDARD 8
8. Forces That Shape the
Earth
Students will:
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Know that climate, seasons,
weather, and characteristics of the ocean are caused by the earth’s
revolution around the sun, tilt of its axis, rotation on its axis, and
the moon’s orbit around the earth
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Know that the surface of
the earth is changed by forces within the earth and human activities
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Know that the non-living
environment of water and land shapes ecosystems, that living organisms
are conditioned by rainfall, temperature, topography, mineral
concentrations, and solar radiation
Performance Indicators
8.MS.1 Show and explain how
the earth moves around the sun, and how the moon moves around the earth.
8.MS.2 Estimate wind speed
using the Beaufort scale.
8.MS.3 Make and use simple
weather instruments such as a wind vane, anemometer, and a rain gauge.
8.MS.4 Relate local
cultural knowledge about moon phases and tides and describe how they
influence island life.
8.MS.5 Describe the
formation of their Pacific environment.
8.MS.6 Identify human
impacts on local and regional environments.
8.MS.7 Identify habitats in
different environments.
8.MS.8 Diagram a familiar
ecosystem.
8.MS.9 Identify and
describe effects of environmental changes on living things.
8.MS.10 Identify and
describe the effects of changes caused by living things on the
environment.
CONTENT STANDARD 9
9. Ecology
Students will:
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Know that changes in
ecosystems can be caused by natural and human activities which may
affect all members of the system
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Understand how organisms
are linked to one another and their surroundings by the exchange of
energy and matter
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Describe the
responsibilities human beings have as the stewards of the environment
Performance Indicators
9.MS.1 Identify the
numerous materials that can be recycled and used again.
9.MS.2 Identify sources and
flows of energy in food chains and food webs.
9.MS.3 Differentiate
between consumers, producers, and decomposers.
9.MS.4 Identify causes of
pollution in local environments due to temporary accumulation of un
recycled matter.
9.MS.5 Investigate
environmental problems and issues such as water and land pollution,
deforestation and soil erosion, plant and animal extinctions (also
endangered species), deterioration of Pacific agricultural and food
systems, and waste dumping.
9.MS.6 Work with others to
design possible ways to sensitively address environmental problems and
issues.
9.MS.7 Participate
meaningfully in local practices that encourage conservation of island
resources.
9.MS.8 Investigate and
implement traditional practices in one major area of stewardship e.g.
farming, waste disposal, recycling, food preparation, etc.
CONTENT STANDARD 10
10. Space and Astronomy
Students will:
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Describe various ideas
about the origin, nature, and development of the universe throughout
history
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Know how the universe and
the objects in it appears to operate according to a number of
established principles which have been realized over time
Performance Indicators
10.MS.1 Measure the
location and movements of the sun, moon, planets and constellations.
10.MS.2 Describe the role
of technology in understanding the structure of the universe.
10.MS.3 Describe how
explanations of the structure and movements in the universe have changed
over time.
10.MS.4 Describe
observations of the movements of the sun, moon, planets and
constellations.
10.MS.5 Identify some of
the instruments scientists have used to observe and measure motion in
the universe.
10.MS.6 Create models of
the solar system showing the relative positions of planets and their
satellites.
10.MS.7 Describe phenomena
including tides, seasons, and lunar phases by using or describing
suitable models of the solar system and the motion of objects within it.
CONTENT STANDARD 11
11. The Nature of
Technology
Students will:
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Understand the
interdependence between science and technology
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Describe how technology
systems limited by trade off, side effects, and other constraints are
designed and developed
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Know that the decision to
develop, use or limit the use of a particular technology depends on the
expected benefits, costs, anticipated risks, and cultural values
Performance Indicators
11.MS.1 Use the necessary
tools to design and carry out projects.
11.MS.2 Use simple tools
such as a watch, thermometer, and stethoscope to monitor one’s health.
11.MS.3 Use more
sophisticated planning, drawing and modeling skills to design and carry
out projects.
11.MS.4 Design control
systems for projects.
11.MS.5 Cite examples of
appropriate and inappropriate technologies for the Pacific.
11.MS.6 Describe the impact
of health technologies in the Pacific.
11.MS.7 Identify health
technologies that are used or have access to including vaccines,
improved sanitation, antibiotics, and hospital services.
11.MS.8 Identify and
describe the advantages and disadvantages of different types of
communication.
11.MS.9 Describe the
contribution of science and technology in creating global communication.
11.MS.10 Create simple
communication systems and devices.
11.MS.11 Describe some of
the complex parts and interactions in a communication system.
11.MS.12 Demonstrate skill
in using global communication technologies.
11.MS.13 Describe some of
the important functions of computers in monitoring health and diagnosing
diseases.
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