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The grade 4-5 student should be
able to observe more carefully, measure things more accurately, record data
clearly in logs and journals, and communicate their results in charts,
graphs, and drawings as well as writing. Students’ investigations should
focus on detecting similarities and differences among the things they
collect and observe. Objects and materials described should include more
sophisticated properties such as conduction of heat and electricity,
buoyancy, solubility, and transparency. Students should be given
opportunities to use tools such as hand lenses, telescopes, microscopes,
cameras, and tape recorders to observe phenomena and record what they see.
Students should also begin to identify both new and old technologies that
meet people’s food, shelter, communication, and health maintenance needs.
CONTENT STANDARD 1
1. Science As Inquiry
Students will:
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Use imagination,
inventiveness, logic, and experimental evidence required by scientific
inquiry
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Know how the world works,
how we can go about finding out how it works, and how our understanding
of the world can change over time
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Know how human thought and
action have been transformed by scientific and technological revolutions
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Display high standards of
ethics including openness, objectivity, honesty, and accuracy
Performance Indicator
1.5.1 Conduct a variety of
scientific investigations including observing what things are like,
describing what is happening, collecting specimens for analysis,
conducting controlled experiments and interpreting data.
CONTENT STANDARD 2
2. Habits of Mind
Students will:
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Demonstrate inquiry skills
such as questioning, imagination, inventiveness, logic gathering,
experimental evidence, making measurements, careful observation
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Be a scientific literate
person that is curious, creative, open-minded, skeptical, willing to
suspend initial judgments, able to collaborate with others, and
persistent in the face of failure
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Be able to judge evidence,
distinguish fact from fiction, identify bias and incomplete argument,
compare trade off among features, performance, durability and cost, and
make informed choices on personal issues
Performance Indicators
2.5.1 Distinguish
observation from speculation.
2.5.2 Use tools safely.
2.5.3 Learn the proper use
of instruments by following instructions in manuals or cookbooks.
2.5.4 Develop and list in a
science log, questions about how the world works.
2.5.5 List similarities and
differences in objects, events, artifacts collected and data they
generate, then compare with other teams for input.
CONTENT STANDARD 3
3. Living Organisms
Students will:
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Describe similarities and
differences of life forms
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Understand the cell
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Know that life forms change
over time through natural processes that involve variation, adaptation,
inheritance of characteristics, and natural selection
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Know that instructions for
developing living organisms are passed from parents to offspring through
DNA.
Performance Indicators
3.5.1 Classify organisms
based on their characteristics and traits.
3.5.2 Identify similarities
and difference among organisms.
3.5.3 Identify the cell as
the basic unit of life and describe some of its functions.
3.5.4 Describe how cells
can be the building blocks of their body and other living things.
3.5.5 Describe the
importance of plant and animal adaptations.
3.5.6 Identify the life
cycles of plants and animals.
3.5.7 Identify examples of
organisms uniquely adapted to their environment, and how they might
adapt again.
3.5.8 Chart personal
growth.
3.5.9 Generate questions by
interviewing neighbors, friends, and family (keep log of how human
beings grow).
3.5.10 Describe how the
body is a collection of systems with different jobs.
3.5.11 Describe actions
that they can take to help maintain healthy functioning systems.
3.5.12 Identify learning as
one of the characteristics that distinguishes humans from other species.
3.5.13 List behaviors that
promote good health.
3.5.14 Keep a chart of how
body changes over school year with a regular routine of exercises.
CONTENT STANDARD 4
3. Matter and Its
Interactions
Students will:
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Understand that the
properties of materials enhances human abilities to use materials for a
variety of purposes
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Understand that matter can
undergo a variety of changes (physical and chemical change, natural,
controlled, change) while the amount and number of atoms remain constant
Performance Indicators
4.5.1 Identify that matter
can come in three (3) states: solid, liquid and gas.
4.5.2 Identify the
properties of matter: conduction of heat and electricity, buoyancy,
solubility, and transparency.
4.5.3 Describe and compare
objects based on common physical and chemical properties (e.g., mass,
volume, electric charge, and temperature).
4.5.4 Classify and describe
mater in terms of elements, compounds, mixtures, atoms and molecules
(e.g., copper = element, water = compound, air = mixture).
4.5.5 Distinguish between
the physical and chemical changes of matter.
4.5.6 Describe how rates of
change vary and can be influenced by temperature, dissolving in water
and the nature of the reactants.
CONTENT STANDARD 5
5. Forces of Nature
Students will:
Performance Indicators
5.5.1 Describe the
characteristics of electrical energy (static and current electricity).
5.5.2 Explain that the
earth pulls on objects without touching them.
5.5.3 Demonstrate that
magnets or other electrically charged materials can pull or push on
objects.
CONTENT STANDARD 6
6. Motion
Students will:
Performance Indicators
6.5.1 Illustrate that the
earth revolves around the sun.
6.5.2 Give evidence that
shows that the earth rotates on an axis.
6.5.3 Show that an
unbalanced force may cause an object to change its motion (e.g., speed,
direction, or both)
6.5.4 Measure and graph
linear motion of objects with reference to time.
CONTENT STANDARD 7
7. Energy
Students will:
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Know that energy is the
ability to do work and that energy manifests itself in a variety of
forms with a variety of characteristics
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Know that the transfer and
transformation of energy is a critical part of all living, physical and
human systems
Performance Indicators
7.5.1 Demonstrate the use
of energy to get work done.
7.5.2 Explain that energy
can come from light, heat, electricity, sound, and water.
7.5.3 Identify the helpful
and harmful effects of energy in their daily lives.
7.5.4 Compare and contrast
renewable and non-renewable sources of energy.
7.5.5 Describe how the
different forms of energy (e.g., mechanical, chemical, electrical,
nuclear) can be transformed to another.
CONTENT STANDARD 8
7. Forces That Shape the
Earth
Students will:
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Know that climate, seasons,
weather, and characteristics of the ocean are caused by the earth’s
revolution around the sun, tilt of its axis, rotation on its axis, and
the moon’s orbit around the earth
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Know that the surface of
the earth is changed by forces within the earth and human activities
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Know that the non-living
environment of water and land shapes ecosystems, that living organisms
are conditioned by rainfall, temperature, topography, mineral
concentrations, and solar radiation
Performance Indicators
8.5.1 Identify the
scientific names for moon phases and different kinds of clouds.
8.5.2 Explain that theories
about the forces that change the earth have evolved over time.
8.5.3 Construct a model of
an island from sand and describe how the model can be changed, reshaped
or destroyed by moving wind, water, or other forces.
8.5.4 Demonstrate the use
of stratification of rocks as a record of change.
8.5.5 Understand the
topography of the ocean floor is in constant change.
8.5.6 Know changes
occurring in the ocean affect the earth.
8.5.7 Recognize the
relationship among oceans, weather, and climate.
CONTENT STANDARD 9
7. Ecology
Students will:
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Know that changes in
ecosystems can be caused by natural and human activities which may
affect all members of the system
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Understand how organisms
are linked to one another and their surroundings by the exchange of
energy and matter
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Describe the
responsibilities human beings have as the stewards of the environment
Performance Indicators
9.5.1 Identify and describe
the impact of human activities on changing local ecosystems.
9.5.2 Identify the limiting
factors of life in any environment relative to the availability of
energy, water, oxygen and minerals.
9.5.3 Identify the various
processes and their functions to utilize energy within an organism
(e.g., photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition).
9.5.4 Investigate
traditional ways of distributing land and marine resources among
community members.
9.5.5 Illustrate to members
of the community the health hazards, the costly solutions, and the
ecological damage involved in the improper disposal of matter.
9.5.6 Illustrate the impact
of population growth on the environment.
CONTENT STANDARD 10
10. Space and Astronomy
Students will:
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Describe various ideas
about the origin, nature, and development of the universe throughout
history
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Know how the universe and
the objects in it appears to operate according to a number of
established principles which have been realized over time
Performance Indicators
10.5.1 Compare and contrast
planets and stars.
10.5.2 Record the setting
point of the sun over time and analyze a pattern.
10.5.3 Account for the
rotation of the earth by sky watching.
10.5.4 Devise and build
models of size in reference to the distance from the sun.
CONTENT STANDARD 11
11. The Nature of
Technology
Students will:
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Understand the
interdependence between science and technology
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Describe how technology
systems limited by trade off, side effects, and other constraints are
designed and developed
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Know that the decision to
develop, use or limit the use of a particular technology depends on the
expected benefits, costs, anticipated risks, and cultural values
Performance Indicators
11.5.1 Identify the areas
of transportation, communications, nutrition, sanitation, health care,
and entertainment as major areas impacted by technology.
11.5.2 Demonstrate an
understanding that there is no perfect design.
11.5.3 Describe how other
factors such as cost, safety, appearance and environmental impact, need
to be considered in technology design and what will happen if the
solution fails.
11.5.4 Identify situations
and examples where scientists invented and used tools to help them
extend their human ability.
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