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Students in the fourth grade begin to develop rational thinking processes, thus divergent problem solving techniques are encouraged. By the end of the fourth grade, students understand large numbers and addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of whole numbers. They describe and compare simple fractions and decimals. They understand the properties and the relationships between plane geometric figures. They collect, represent and analyze data to answer questions.

CONTENT STANDARD 1

1. Number Sense and Operations

Students will:

• Understand the relationships between numbers and quantities

• Understand and describe simple addition and subtraction situations

• Use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving

• Understand the use of numbers up to 100

• Demonstrate the meaning of addition and subtraction and use the inverse relationship of addition and subtraction to solve problems

• Make reasonable estimates when comparing numbers

• Understand the relationship among whole numbers up to 1000

• Calculate and solve problems using addition and subtraction

• Model and solve simple problems involving multiplication and division

• Understand that fractions, sets, and subsets refer to parts of a whole

• Model and solve problems by representing, adding and subtracting amounts of money

• Use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving that involve numbers that use ones, tens, hundreds and thousands places

• Understand the place value of whole numbers

• Calculate and solve problems that involve addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

• Understand the relationship between whole numbers, simple fractions, and decimals

• Understand the place value of whole numbers and decimals, how these relate to addition of simple fractions and decimals, and use the concepts of negative numbers

• Solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers, including the addition and subtraction of negative numbers, and understand the relationship among numbers

• Compute with very large and very small numbers, negative and positive numbers, decimals and fractions and understand the relationship between fractions, decimals, and percents

Performance Indicators

1.4.1 Recognize the importance of place values.

1.4.2 Identify, read and write numbers up to the millions

1.4.3 Know place value up to the millions place.

1.4.4 Estimate differences of two numbers of up 4-digit quotients (hundredths place).

1.4.5 Estimate up to hundred thousands.

1.4.6 Illustrate and explain expanded notation.

1.4.7 Define fraction and mixed numeral.

1.4.8 Add and subtract simple fractions.

1.4.9 Identify proper, improper, and equivalent fractions.

1.4.10 Relate fractions to mixed numerals.

1.4.11 Add and subtract like/unlike fractions.

1.4.12 Add and subtract fractions with mixed numerals.

1.4.13 Determine and apply LCM and LCD.

1.4.14 Explore the use and determine the importance of a calculator.

1.4.15 Analyze days, weeks, and months of the calendar.

1.4.16 Analyze and interpret time intervals to the nearest minute.

1.4.17 Compute money value using decimals and dollar signs.

1.4.18 Develop and apply strategies for mental computation.

1.4.19 Recall and apply basic addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts.

1.4.20 Estimate sums and differences of two 4-digit numbers.

1.4.21 Add up to 4-digits (renaming).

1.4.22 Subtract up to 4-digit (renaming)

1.4.23 Compute multiplication facts 0-12.

1.4.24 Multiply up to 4-digit by 1-digit (no renaming).

1.4.25 Multiply up to 4-digit by 1-digit (renaming).

1.4.26 Multiply up to 4-digits by 2-digits (with regrouping).

1.4.27 Estimate products.

1.4.28 Divide 2-digit by 1-digit numerals (remainder).

1.4.29 Divide 3-digit by 1-digit numerals (no remainder, zero in unit position).

1.4.30 Divide 3-digit numerals by 1-digit numerals (remainder).

1.4.31 Divide 4-digit numerals by 1-digit numerals (remainder).

1.4.32 Understand the inverse relationship of multiplication and division.

1.4.33 Know how to round numbers.

1.4.34 Recognize and determine prime numbers less than 20.

1.4.35 Use calculator key functions, clear and clear entry (C, CE).

1.4.36 Verify estimates using a calculator.

1.4.37 Use a calculator to solve multi-step problems.

CONTENT STANDARD 2

2. Measurement and Geometry

Students will:

• Identify common geometric objects and explore properties such as length, weight, capacity

• Describe, draw and compare the attributes of plane and solid geometric figures and classify them by common attributes and describe their relative location and use their understanding to show relationships and solve problems

• Students explore the concept of time

• Use direct comparison and non-standard units to describe the measurements of objects

• Understand that measurement is accomplished by identifying a unit of measure and comparing it to the item to be measured

• Identify and describe the elements that compose common figures in the plane and common objects in space

• Choose appropriate units and measurement tools to quantify the properties of objects

• Understand perimeter, area, and volume of objects and measure in English and Metric units

Performance Indicators

2.4.1 Identify and compute perimeter and area.

2.4.2 Recognize, estimate and interpret symbols in metric units.

2.4.3 Measure, estimate and interpret in English units.

2.4.4 Define the perimeter of a triangle and quadrilateral.

2.4.5 Determine the area of a region, rectangle, and a triangle.

2.4.6 Observe, describe and analyze shapes and forms in the environment.

2.4.7 Identify and construct center, radius and diameter of a circle.

2.4.8 Identify and construct parallel and perpendicular lines.

2.4.9 Develop patterns by attributes.

CONTENT STANDARD 3

3. Algebra

Students will:

• Sort and classify objects

• Use number sentences to solve problems

• Model, represent, and interpret number relationships to create and solve problems involving addition and subtraction

• Select appropriate symbols, operations and properties to represent, describe, simplify, and solve problems involving number relationships

• Use and interpret variables, mathematical symbols and properties to write and simplify expressions and equations, compute the value or values of a specific variable, and plot and interpret the results

Performance Indicators

3.4.1 Determine and generate patterns using multiples and factors numbers.

3.4.2 Differentiate and apply commutative property (order) and associative property (grouping).

CONTENT STANDARD 4

4. Probability and Statistics

Students will:

• Organize, represent, compare, and interpret categorical data on simple graphs and charts and communicate their findings

• Collect, record, organize, display, and interpret numerical data on bar graphs, and other representations

• Display, analyze, compare and interpret different data sets, including data sets that are not the same size

• Demonstrate an understanding of patterns and how they grow, and describe them in general ways

• Conduct simple probability experiments by determining the number of possible outcomes, and make simple predictions

Performance Indicators

4.4.1 Determine averages.

4.4.2 Record results of experiments.

4.4.3 Find, collect, organize, interpret, compare, discuss and summarize data.

4.4.4 Students make predictions for simple probability situations.

4.4.5 Read and explain in writing how to create charts.

4.4.6 Complete charts showing quantity representations.

4.4.7 Identify, create, and interpret bar, line, and circle graphs.

4.4.8 Compare, contrast and interpret graphs verbally and in writing.

CONTENT STANDARD 5

5. Problem Solving

Students will:

• Make decisions about how to set up a problem, justify their reasoning, and make connections between problems

• Use strategies, skills and concepts to make decisions about how to approach problems, find solutions, and make generalizations to other situations

Performance Indicators

5.4.1 Formulate and write strategies from facts and pictures.

5.4.2 Apply and interpret the processes of visual and logical thinking.

5.4.3 Determine if information is too much or too little.

5.4.4 Determine and justify correct operation to solve the problem.

5.4.5 Generate alternative solutions to the same problem.

5.4.6 Create and solve problems.

5.4.7 Develop, apply and explain strategies for mental computation.

5.4.8 Explore and determine an operation to express a numerical situation.

Revised September 2000

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