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Second grade students focus on the universality of the mathematical language while making connections between mathematical skill and real-life applications. By the end of the second grade, students understand the place value number system up the thousands. They explore number relationships through addition, subtraction and simple multiplication. They measure quantities using appropriate units and see relationships among shapes. They collect and analyze data and verify answers.

CONTENT STANDARD 1

1. Number Sense and Operations

Students will:

• Understand the relationships between numbers and quantities

• Understand and describe simple addition and subtraction situations

• Use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving

• Understand the use of numbers up to 100

• Demonstrate the meaning of addition and subtraction and use the inverse relationship of addition and subtraction to solve problems

• Make reasonable estimates when comparing numbers

• Understand the relationship among whole numbers up to 1000

• Calculate and solve problems using addition and subtraction

• Model and solve simple problems involving multiplication and division

• Understand that fractions, sets, and subsets refer to parts of a whole

• Model and solve problems by representing, adding and subtracting amounts of money

• Use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving that involve numbers that use ones, tens, hundreds and thousands places

• Understand the place value of whole numbers

• Calculate and solve problems that involve addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

• Understand the relationship between whole numbers, simple fractions, and decimals

• Understand the place value of whole numbers and decimals, how these relate to addition of simple fractions and decimals, and use the concepts of negative numbers

• Solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers, including the addition and subtraction of negative numbers, and understand the relationship among numbers

• Compute with very large and very small numbers, negative and positive numbers, decimals and fractions and understand the relationship between fractions, decimals, and percents

Performance Indicators

1.2.1 Identify, read, and write whole numbers from 0 -1,000, and identify the place value for each digit.

1.2.2 Give an example of a counting pattern with numbers to 1,000.

1.2.3 Determine missing element in sequence 0 - 1,000.

1.2.4 Generate numbers before, after between 0 - 1,000.

1.2.5 Create skip counting by 2’s, 5’s, 10’s, and 100’s up to 1,000.

1.2.6 Distinguish between even and odd numbers.

1.2.7 Compare >, <, =, 100 - 1,000.

1.2.8 Recognize and interpret time to half hour and 15 minutes intervals.

1.2.9 Formulate and apply strategies for mental computation.

1.2.10 Interpret ordinals through 20th.

1.2.11 Interpret Roman numerals, I, V, X.

1.2.12 Interpret positional relationship.

1.2.13 Choose a number closest to a given number from a set of numerals 0 - 100.

1.2.14 Use manipulatives to illustrate addition of 2-digit and 3-digit numerals (regroup).

1.2.15 Subtract 2-digit and 3-digit numerals (no regrouping) and interpret in writing.

1.2.16 Recognize multiples of 5 and 10.

1.2.17 Build basic fact knowledge using various strategies.

1.2.18 Determine sets and subsets.

1.2.19 Reconstruct a whole when given the various parts.

1.2.20 Divide a whole into its various parts.

1.2.21 Illustrate and explain fractions: thirds, halves, thirds, fourths.

1.2.22 Compare and contrast money: penny, nickel, dime, quarter, dollar.

1.2.23 Create different combinations of a given value.

1.2.24 Deduce a reasonable answer by estimating.

CONTENT STANDARD 2

2. Measurement and Geometry

Students will:

• Identify common geometric objects and explore properties such as length, weight, capacity

• Describe, draw and compare the attributes of plane and solid geometric figures and classify them by common attributes and describe their relative location and use their understanding to show relationships and solve problems

• Students explore the concept of time

• Use direct comparison and non-standard units to describe the measurements of objects

• Understand that measurement is accomplished by identifying a unit of measure and comparing it to the item to be measured

• Identify and describe the elements that compose common figures in the plane and common objects in space

• Choose appropriate units and measurement tools to quantify the properties of objects

• Understand perimeter, area, and volume of objects and measure in English and Metric units

Performance Indicators

2.2.1 Distinguish and measure in English units (pound, yard, gallon).

2.2.2 Distinguish and measure in Metric units (gram, meter, liter).

2.2.3 Identify and describe basic shapes in writing (circle, square, triangle, and rectangle).

2.2.4 Use manipulatives to construct and analyze new shapes.

2.2.5 Compare and contrast knowledge about one shape to predict characteristics of others.

CONTENT STANDARD 3

3. Algebra

Students will:

• Sort and classify objects

• Use number sentences to solve problems

• Model, represent, and interpret number relationships to create and solve problems involving addition and subtraction

• Select appropriate symbols, operations and properties to represent, describe, simplify, and solve problems involving number relationships

• Use and interpret variables, mathematical symbols and properties to write and simplify expressions and equations, compute the value or values of a specific variable, and plot and interpret the results

Performance Indicators

3.2.1 Use manipulatives to determine the missing elements in number sentences.

3.2.2 Determine and apply commutative property of addition.

3.2.3 Determine and apply associate property of addition.

3.2.4 Generalize and explain the inverse relationship of addition and subtraction

CONTENT STANDARD 4

4. Probability and Statistics

Students will:

• Collect information about objects and events in the environment

• Organize, represent, compare, and interpret categorical data on simple graphs and charts and communicate their findings

• Collect, record, organize, display, and interpret numerical data on bar graphs, and other representations

• Display, analyze, compare and interpret different data sets, including data sets that are not the same size

• Demonstrate an understanding of patterns and how they grow, and describe them in general ways

• Conduct simple probability experiments by determining the number of possible outcomes, and make simple predictions

Performance Standards

4.2.1 Discuss and write summaries about information given on charts.

4.2.2 Generalize and interpret picture graphs.

4.2.3 Generalize and interpret bar graphs.

4.2.4 Generalize and interpret circle graphs.

4.2.5 Predict and explain 50/50 chance.

4.2.6 Create and examine relationships of patterns in spatial and numerical settings.

CONTENT STANDARD 5

5. Problem Solving and Reasoning

Students will:

• Make decisions about how to set up a problem, justify their reasoning, and make connections between problems

• Use strategies, skills and concepts to make decisions about how to approach problems, find solutions, and make generalizations to other situations

Performance Indicators

5.2.1 Create and solve word problem with addition of two 2-digit numerals (no regrouping).

5.2.2 Create and solve word problems with subtraction of 2-digit numerals (no regrouping).

5.2.3 Determine an appropriate story problem when given a number sentence.

5.2.4 Create and write a word problem using a set number of objects.

Revised September 2000

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