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By the end of first grade, students understand the concept of place value to the ones a tens place. Students add and subtract small numbers and measure with both standard and non-standard units. They describe data and analyze and solve simple problem situations. Earlier experiences with concrete, non-number situations progress to more symbolic and abstract activities. Concepts are enhanced through the use of manipulatives, while development of problem-solving strategies is strengthened.

CONTENT STANDARD 1

1. Number Sense and Operations

Students will:

• Understand the relationships between numbers and quantities

• Understand and describe simple addition and subtraction situations

• Use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving

• Understand the use of numbers up to 100

• Demonstrate the meaning of addition and subtraction and use the inverse relationship of addition and subtraction to solve problems

• Make reasonable estimates when comparing numbers

• Understand the relationship among whole numbers up to 1000

• Calculate and solve problems using addition and subtraction

• Model and solve simple problems involving multiplication and division

• Understand that fractions, sets, and subsets refer to parts of a whole

• Model and solve problems by representing, adding and subtracting amounts of money

• Use estimation strategies in computation and problem solving that involve numbers that use ones, tens, hundreds and thousands places

• Understand the place value of whole numbers

• Calculate and solve problems that involve addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division

• Understand the relationship between whole numbers, simple fractions, and decimals

• Understand the place value of whole numbers and decimals, how these relate to addition of simple fractions and decimals, and use the concepts of negative numbers

• Solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of whole numbers, including the addition and subtraction of negative numbers, and understand the relationship among numbers

• Compute with very large and very small numbers, negative and positive numbers, decimals and fractions and understand the relationship between fractions, decimals, and percents

Performance Indicators

1.1.1 Identify, count, read, and write whole numbers from 0-100.

1.1.2 Compare whole numbers to 100 using symbols for greater than, less than, and equal to (>, <, =).

1.1.3 Represent equivalent forms of the same number through the use of physical models, diagrams and number expressions (to 20)

1.1.4 Count and group objects into ones and tens.

1.1.5 Determine missing element in sequence, 0-100.

1.1.6 Create skip counting using intervals 2s, 5s, and 10s with numbers up to 100.

1.1.7 Describe and analyze place value up to 100.

1.1.8 Compare and contrast coins: penny, nickel, dime, quarter.

1.1.9 Interpret ordinals through 10th.

1.1.10 Identify months of the year.

1.1.11 Distinguish and differentiate between symbols +, -, =.

1.1.12 Calculate two 1-digit numerals, facts to 10, vertical/horizontal.

1.1.13 Calculate three and four 1-digit numerals, sums up to 10 and construct a number sentence.

1.1.14 Use manipulatives to demonstrate adding three 1-digit numerals and construct a number sentence.

1.1.15 Illustrate with manipulatives, describe in words, and construct in number sentences, the addition or subtraction of two 1-digit numerals.

1.1.16 Illustrate with manipulatives, describe in words, and construct in number sentences, the addition or subtraction of two 2-digit numerals.

1.1.17 Justify reasonableness of guesses in numerous situations.

1.1.18 Illustrate and identify fractional parts 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 in relationship to the whole.

CONTENT STANDARD 2

2. Measurement and Geometry

Students will:

• Identify common geometric objects and explore properties such as length, weight, capacity

• Describe, draw and compare the attributes of plane and solid geometric figures and classify them by common attributes and describe their relative location and use their understanding to show relationships and solve problems

• Students explore the concept of time

• Use direct comparison and non-standard units to describe the measurements of objects

• Understand that measurement is accomplished by identifying a unit of measure and comparing it to the item to be measured

• Identify and describe the elements that compose common figures in the plane and common objects in space

• Choose appropriate units and measurement tools to quantify the properties of objects

• Understand perimeter, area, and volume of objects and measure in English and Metric units

Performance Indicators

2.1.1 Determine the concept of measurement estimates of length using non-standard units, e.g., paper clips, hands, and pencils.

2.1.2 Investigate whole inches up to 12.

2.1.3 Investigate whole centimeters up to 10cm.

2.1.4 State measurements using appropriate units. e.g. 12 paper clips long, 12 inches long.

2.1.5 Recognize time to the hour and half hour.

2.1.6 Formulate and interpret patterns found in a variety of contexts, both spatial and numerical and describe their relative location.

2.1.7 Construct, compare and contrast basic shapes circle, square, triangle, rectangle.

CONTENT STANDARD 3

3. Algebra

Students will:

• Sort and classify objects

• Use number sentences to solve problems

• Model, represent, and interpret number relationships to create and solve problems involving addition and subtraction

• Select appropriate symbols, operations and properties to represent, describe, simplify, and solve problems involving number relationships

• Use and interpret variables, mathematical symbols and properties to write and simplify expressions and equations, compute the value or values of a specific variable, and plot and interpret the results

Performance Indicators

3.1.1 Use number sentences to solve problems.

3.1.2 Recognize and give examples of the commutative and associative properties.

CONTENT STANDARD 4

4. Probability and Statistics

Students will:

• Collect information about objects and events in the environment

• Organize, represent, compare, and interpret categorical data on simple graphs and charts and communicate their findings

• Collect, record, organize, display, and interpret numerical data on bar graphs, and other representations

• Display, analyze, compare and interpret different data sets, including data sets that are not the same size

• Demonstrate an understanding of patterns and how they grow, and describe them in general ways

• Conduct simple probability experiments by determining the number of possible outcomes, and make simple predictions

Performance Indicators

4.1.1 Identify and interpret picture graphs.

4.1.2 Identify and interpret bar graphs.

4.1.3 Discuss and write summaries of information given on charts and graphs.

4.1.4 Make predictions.

CONTENT STANDARD 5

5. Problem Solving and Reasoning

Students will:

• Make decisions about how to set up a problem, justify their reasoning, and make connections between problems

• Use strategies, skills and concepts to make decisions about how to approach problems, find solutions, and make generalizations to other situations

Performance Indicators

5.1.1 Choose and justify appropriate operation.

5.1.2 Systematically organize and interpret information.

5.1.3 Design a concrete model or drawing to explain the problem.

5.1.4 Create and solve word problems using addition to 10.

5.1.5 Create and solve word problems using subtraction facts up to 10.

5.1.6 Create and solve money word problems using addition/subtraction to 99 cents (no regrouping).

Revised September 2000

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